I'm having trouble seeing how jacking under the axle at the spring perch is more dangerous than the trailer sitting on both wheels. Assuming your jacking just high enough to change a tire you've actually constrained the motion more than the tire does.
Many times a wheel must be changed that will not clear the body, requiring that the body be lifted.
Jacking under the spring makes the problem worse by pushing the tire further into the well.
Jacking under an axle puts a person much further under the trailer than jacking on the frame.
Yes, you have constrained the potential motion of the spring, but you've done so by compressing the spring.
If the jack slips, the stored energy of the compressed spring can push the jack out with great force.
I didn't bring this up to imply that anyone who jacks under a spring is not smart, but to point out the potential for an accident.
IF a person was jacking up their trailer, to change a tire, to fix a wire, for a little more clearance to do some work, or whatever reason.
If the trailer was not hooked to a tow vehicle (or it was but the coupler was not locked) if the trailer was jacked up under the spring, the tongue could/can come up because the jack is lifting the trailer at or ahead of the balance point.
By jacking behind the balance point, even if you make a mistake with the coupler, the trailer won't move sideways, causing the jack to pop/fly out, bringing the trailer crashing to the ground.
Perhaps I'm wrong? It's happened before but my thoughts are well intentioned.
I was taught 30 years ago when I first started jacking up trailers that it was much safer to jack on the frame, behind the balance point.
Maybe not always necessary, but why take chances...
In those 30 years, I've seen a few trailers come crashing down because someone jacked in the wrong place.
I did so once, I was lucky, the trailer went the other way.
Of the other two, one fellow crushed his foot, the other died.
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I don't claim to be an expert on vintage bumper jacks...but I'll agree they were dangerous; I had more than one let the car down unexpectedly...
They raised the car no further than a jack placed under the frame, but they did place far too much weight very high up on an unstable pole, which would become tipsy very easily.
Rob